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+# Coding Conventions
+
+**Analysis Date:** 2026-04-21
+
+## Naming Patterns
+
+**Files:**
+- Controllers: PascalCase, directory structure mirrors URL path. Example: `application/admin/controller/user/User.php` -> `/admin/user/user`
+- Models: PascalCase in parallel directory structure. Example: `application/admin/model/User.php`
+- Validates: PascalCase. Example: `application/admin/validate/User.php`
+- Libraries: PascalCase. Example: `application/admin/library/Auth.php`, `application/common/library/Upload.php`
+- Traits: PascalCase. Example: `application/admin/library/traits/Backend.php`
+- Behaviors: PascalCase. Example: `application/admin/behavior/AdminLog.php`
+- Language files: lowercase `zh-cn.php`, mirroring controller directory structure
+- View templates: lowercase `.html`, matching action names. Example: `application/admin/view/user/user/index.html`
+- JS files: lowercase, mirroring controller path. Example: `public/assets/js/backend/user/user.js`
+- CSS: lowercase `.css` with `.min.css` variants
+- Less: lowercase `.less` (source files in `public/assets/less/`)
+- Common helper functions: snake_case. Example: `build_select()`, `cdnurl()`, `datetime()`, `letter_avatar()`
+
+**Functions/Methods:**
+- Controller action methods: lowercase with underscores. Examples: `index()`, `add()`, `edit()`, `del()`, `recyclebin()`, `get_field_list()`, `get_controller_list()`
+- Controller protected methods: camelCase. Examples: `buildparams()`, `selectpage()`, `getDataLimitAdminIds()`, `loadlang()`, `assignconfig()`
+- Model accessors/mutators: ThinkPHP convention `get{FieldName}Attr()` / `set{FieldName}Attr()`. Example: `getPrevtimeTextAttr()`, `setJointimeAttr()`, `getAvatarAttr()`, `setBirthdayAttr()`
+- Model list methods: PascalCase `getStatusList()`, `getGenderList()`
+- Model static methods: camelCase. Example: `User::money()`, `User::score()`, `User::nextlevel()`
+- Library methods: camelCase. Example: `Auth::login()`, `Auth::getUserinfo()`, `Upload::init()`
+- Global functions: snake_case, wrapped in `if (!function_exists('...'))`. Example: `__()`, `format_bytes()`, `check_cors_request()`, `xss_clean()`
+- Addon methods: camelCase following ThinkPHP convention
+
+**Variables:**
+- Controller properties: camelCase. Examples: `$noNeedLogin`, `$model`, `$searchFields`, `$relationSearch`, `$dataLimit`
+- Library private properties: underscore prefix + camelCase. Examples: `$_error`, `$_logined`, `$_user`, `$_token` (in `application/common/library/Auth.php`)
+- Library protected properties: camelCase, no prefix. Examples: `$keeptime`, `$requestUri`, `$allowFields`
+- Local variables: camelCase. Examples: `$tableList`, `$fieldlist`, `$insert_data`, `$changedata`
+- Database fields: lowercase with underscores. Examples: `createtime`, `updatetime`, `group_id`, `loginip`
+- Request input: via `$this->request->post('row/a')` (array), `$this->request->request('keyField')` (single)
+
+**Types/Namespaces:**
+- Namespace convention: lowercase `app\admin\controller`, `app\common\model`, `app\api\library`
+- Class names: PascalCase. Example: `class User extends Backend`
+- Addon namespace: `addons\{name}\` mapped via PSR-4 in `composer.json`
+- Fast tools namespace: `fast\` maps to `extend/fast/` directory
+
+## Code Style
+
+**Formatting:**
+- 4-space indentation throughout (no tabs)
+- Opening brace on same line for classes/functions: `class User extends Backend\n{`
+- Opening brace on next line for control structures in some files, same line in others (inconsistent)
+- Closing PHP tag `?>` omitted at end of files
+- Files start with `<?php` followed by a blank line
+- Blank line after namespace declaration
+- Blank line after last `use` statement before class declaration
+
+**PHP Version:** PHP >= 7.4.0 (per `composer.json`)
+- Union types in catch blocks: `catch (ValidateException|PDOException|Exception $e)`
+- Null coalescing: `$value ?? ''`
+- Match expressions: Not used
+- Arrow functions: Not used
+- Typed properties: Not used
+
+**Linting/Formatting Tools:**
+- No project-level `.php-cs-fixer.php`, `phpcs.xml`, `.editorconfig`, or `biome.json`
+- No ESLint or stylelint configured
+- PhpStorm `.idea/` directory present with PHP 7.4 language level configured
+- Static analysis tools (PHPStan, PHPCS, MessDetector) configured in IDE but not activated (`transferred=true`)
+
+## Import Organization
+
+**Order in PHP files:**
+1. `namespace app\admin\controller;`
+2. `use` statements for app classes: `use app\common\controller\Backend;`
+3. `use` statements for ThinkPHP classes: `use think\Db;`, `use think\Config;`, `use think\Exception;`
+4. `use` statements for vendor/third-party classes: `use fast\Tree;`
+5. No grouping separators between use statement categories
+
+**Example from `application/admin/controller/user/User.php`:**
+```php
+namespace app\admin\controller\user;
+
+use app\common\controller\Backend;
+use app\common\library\Auth;
+```
+
+**Example from `application/common/controller/Backend.php`:**
+```php
+namespace app\common\controller;
+
+use app\admin\library\Auth;
+use think\Config;
+use think\Controller;
+use think\Hook;
+use think\Lang;
+use think\Loader;
+use think\Model;
+use think\Session;
+use fast\Tree;
+use think\Validate;
+```
+
+**Path Aliases:**
+- No PSR-4 path aliases configured beyond `addons\\` -> `addons/` in `composer.json`
+- ThinkPHP autoload handles `app\` namespace mapping automatically
+- `fast\` namespace handled by ThinkPHP custom autoloader -> `extend/fast/`
+
+## ThinkPHP Conventions
+
+**Model Table Naming:**
+- `$name` property defines the table name without prefix. Example: `protected $name = 'user';` maps to `{prefix}user`
+- Table prefix configured in `application/config.php` database section
+- All models extend `think\Model`
+
+**Timestamp Convention:**
+- Auto timestamp type: `protected $autoWriteTimestamp = 'int';` (Unix integer timestamps)
+- Create field name: `protected $createTime = 'createtime';`
+- Update field name: `protected $updateTime = 'updatetime';`
+
+**Controller Initialization:**
+- `_initialize()` method called by ThinkPHP before each action
+- Always calls `parent::_initialize()` first
+- Sets `$this->model` instance in `_initialize()`
+- Assigns view data: `$this->view->assign("statusList", ...)`
+
+**Magic Model Methods:**
+- Dynamic finders via `@method` PHPDoc annotations
+- `getBy{Field}()` auto-generated by ThinkPHP for any column
+- Example: `@method static mixed getByUsername($str)` in `application/common/model/User.php`
+- Usage: `\app\common\model\User::getByMobile($mobile)`
+
+**AJAX Detection Pattern:**
+```php
+if ($this->request->isAjax()) {
+    // Return JSON response
+    return json(['total' => $list->total(), 'rows' => $list->items()]);
+}
+return $this->view->fetch();
+```
+
+## FastAdmin Patterns
+
+**Backend Base Class (`app\common\controller\Backend`):**
+- All admin controllers extend this class
+- Provides via trait `app\admin\library\traits\Backend`:
+  - `index()` - List with pagination and filtering
+  - `add()` - Create record
+  - `edit($ids)` - Update record
+  - `del($ids)` - Soft delete
+  - `destroy($ids)` - Hard delete (from recycle bin)
+  - `restore($ids)` - Restore from recycle bin
+  - `multi($ids)` - Batch update
+  - `recyclebin()` - Recycle bin list
+  - `import()` - Excel/CSV import
+  - `selectpage()` - SelectPage dropdown data
+- Key configurable properties:
+  - `$noNeedLogin = []` - Methods skipping authentication entirely
+  - `$noNeedRight = []` - Methods skipping permission check (still need login)
+  - `$model = null` - Associated model instance
+  - `$searchFields = 'id'` - Fields for quick search
+  - `$relationSearch = false` - Whether to use table alias in queries
+  - `$dataLimit = false` - Data scope: `auth`/`personal`/`false`
+  - `$dataLimitField = 'admin_id'` - Field for data restriction
+  - `$dataLimitFieldAutoFill = true` - Auto-fill restriction field
+  - `$modelValidate = false` - Enable model-level validation
+  - `$modelSceneValidate = false` - Enable scene-based validation
+  - `$multiFields = 'status'` - Fields allowed in batch operations
+  - `$selectpageFields = '*'` - Fields shown in SelectPage
+  - `$excludeFields = ""` - Fields to exclude from form submission
+  - `$importHeadType = 'comment'` - Import header type: `comment`/`name`
+  - `$layout = 'default'` - Template layout name
+
+**Standard CRUD Controller Pattern:**
+```php
+/**
+ * 会员管理
+ *
+ * @icon fa fa-user
+ */
+class User extends Backend
+{
+    protected $relationSearch = true;
+    protected $searchFields = 'id,username,nickname';
+
+    /**
+     * @var \app\admin\model\User
+     */
+    protected $model = null;
+
+    public function _initialize()
+    {
+        parent::_initialize();
+        $this->model = new \app\admin\model\User;
+    }
+}
+```
+
+**CRUD Generation:**
+- Via `php think crud` command
+- Flags: `--table`, `--controller`, `--model`, `--fields`, `--force`, `--delete`, `--menu`
+- Extended flags: `--setcheckboxsuffix`, `--enumradiosuffix`, `--imagefield`, `--filefield`, etc.
+
+**Auth Patterns:**
+- Admin auth: `app\admin\library\Auth` - backend admin user authentication
+- User auth: `app\common\library\Auth` - frontend/member user authentication
+- Both use singleton: `Auth::instance()`
+- Permission check: `$this->auth->check($path)` where `$path = 'controller/action'`
+- Login check: `$this->auth->isLogin()`
+- Super admin check: `$this->auth->isSuperAdmin()`
+
+**API Controller Pattern (`app\common\controller\Api`):**
+- API controllers extend this (NOT `think\Controller`)
+- Does NOT extend `think\Controller` - standalone class with `__construct()`
+- Response format: `{'code': 1|0, 'msg': '', 'time': <timestamp>, 'data': ...}`
+- Success: `$this->success($msg, $data)` (code=1, HTTP 200)
+- Error: `$this->error($msg, $data, $httpCode)` (code=0)
+- HTTP status codes: 401 for unauth, 403 for forbidden
+- API annotations for doc generation: `@ApiMethod(POST)`, `@ApiParams(name="...", type="string", required=true, description="...")`
+- Default request filter: `trim,strip_tags,htmlspecialchars`
+
+**Frontend Controller Pattern (`app\common\controller\Frontend`):**
+- Index module controllers extend this
+- Similar to Backend but for public-facing pages
+- Uses `app\common\library\Auth` for member auth
+- Layout can be empty string for no layout: `protected $layout = '';`
+
+## Language File Structure
+
+**Directory Layout:**
+```
+application/{module}/lang/zh-cn.php                     # Module-level translations
+application/{module}/lang/zh-cn/controller.php           # Controller translations
+application/{module}/lang/zh-cn/sub/controller.php       # Nested controller translations
+application/{module}/lang/{locale}/controller.php        # Other locales
+```
+
+**Observed locales:**
+- `zh-cn` (Simplified Chinese) - primary language for all modules
+- `en` - only exists for `application/index/lang/en/index.php`
+
+**File Format:**
+```php
+return [
+    'Id'             => 'ID',
+    'Group_id'       => '组别ID',
+    'Username'       => '用户名',
+    'Leave password blank if dont want to change' => '不修改密码请留空',
+];
+```
+
+**Usage Pattern:**
+- `__('Key')` - Simple translation
+- `__('Key %s', $value)` - Parameterized translation
+- Keys use PascalCase for field names (matching DB column names)
+- Keys use sentence case for messages
+- Language auto-loaded by controller in `loadlang()` method
+- Language detection: `$this->request->langset()` with regex validation, defaults to `zh-cn`
+
+## Template Syntax
+
+**Template Engine:** ThinkPHP built-in template engine
+**File Extension:** `.html`
+
+**Template Tags Used:**
+
+| Tag | Example |
+|-----|---------|
+| Output | `{$variable}`, `{$var\|htmlentities}`, `{$var\|default='default'}` |
+| Function | `{:__('Dashboard')}`, `{:build_heading()}`, `{:build_toolbar('refresh,edit,del')}` |
+| Condition | `{if condition="$auth->check('dashboard')"}`, `{if !IS_DIALOG}`, `{/if}` |
+| If-else shorthand | `{:defined('IS_DIALOG') && IS_DIALOG ? 'is-dialog' : ''}` |
+| Loop | `{foreach $breadcrumb as $vo}`, `{/foreach}` |
+| Include | `{include file="common/meta" /}` |
+| Layout placeholder | `{__CONTENT__}` |
+| ThinkPHP config | `{$Think.config.fastadmin.breadcrumb}` |
+| Inline PHP | `{:$auth->check('user/user/multi')?'':'hide'}` |
+
+**Layout Structure:**
+```
+application/{module}/view/layout/default.html     # Layout wrapper with {__CONTENT__}
+application/{module}/view/{controller}/index.html # Page content
+application/{module}/view/common/meta.html        # Shared <head> section
+application/{module}/view/common/script.html      # Shared JS loading
+application/{module}/view/common/header.html      # Header fragment
+application/{module}/view/common/menu.html        # Sidebar menu
+application/{module}/view/common/control.html     # Control bar fragment
+```
+
+**CSS Framework:** Bootstrap 3 with AdminLTE theme
+**Common Classes:**
+- Layout: `.panel`, `.panel-default`, `.panel-intro`, `.panel-heading`, `.panel-body`
+- Table: `.table`, `.table-striped`, `.table-bordered`, `.table-hover`, `.table-nowrap`
+- Buttons: `.btn`, `.btn-primary`, `.btn-success`, `.btn-danger`, `.btn-info`, `.btn-xs`
+- Form: `.form-control`, `.selectpicker`, `.form-group`, `.control-label`
+- FastAdmin custom: `.btn-dialog`, `.btn-addtabs`, `.btn-ajax`, `.btn-click`, `.searchit`
+
+## JS AMD Module Pattern (RequireJS)
+
+**Module Definition Pattern:**
+```javascript
+define(['jquery', 'bootstrap', 'backend', 'table', 'form'], function ($, undefined, Backend, Table, Form) {
+    var Controller = {
+        index: function () {
+            Table.api.init({
+                extend: {
+                    index_url: 'user/user/index',
+                    add_url: 'user/user/add',
+                    edit_url: 'user/user/edit',
+                    del_url: 'user/user/del',
+                    multi_url: 'user/user/multi',
+                    table: 'user',
+                }
+            });
+            var table = $("#table");
+            table.bootstrapTable({
+                url: $.fn.bootstrapTable.defaults.extend.index_url,
+                pk: 'id',
+                sortName: 'user.id',
+                columns: [[
+                    {checkbox: true},
+                    {field: 'id', title: __('Id'), sortable: true},
+                    {field: 'operate', title: __('Operate'), table: table,
+                     events: Table.api.events.operate,
+                     formatter: Table.api.formatter.operate}
+                ]]
+            });
+            Table.api.bindevent(table);
+        },
+        add: function () {
+            Controller.api.bindevent();
+        },
+        edit: function () {
+            Controller.api.bindevent();
+        },
+        api: {
+            bindevent: function () {
+                Form.api.bindevent($("form[role=form]"));
+            }
+        }
+    };
+    return Controller;
+});
+```
+
+**RequireJS Configuration Files:**
+- `public/assets/js/require-backend.js` - Backend module config (minified as `require-backend.min.js`)
+- `public/assets/js/require-frontend.js` - Frontend module config (minified)
+- `public/assets/js/require-table.js` - Bootstrap-table wrapper module
+- `public/assets/js/require-form.js` - Form handling module
+- `public/assets/js/require-upload.js` - Upload module
+
+**Core JS Modules:**
+- `Fast` / `Fast.api` - Core API: `ajax()`, `open()`, `cdnurl()`, `fixurl()`, `selectedids()`
+- `Backend` - Admin: sidebar badges, tab management, dialog/_ajax handlers
+- `Frontend` - Frontend: captcha sending, touch swipe for sidebar
+- `Table` - Bootstrap-table wrapper: `api.init()`, `api.bindevent()`, formatters, events
+- `Form` - Form validation and submission: `api.bindevent()`
+- `Template` - art-template JS template engine
+- `Moment` - Date/time formatting (with `moment/locale/zh-cn`)
+
+**Global Objects (set on `window`):**
+- `window.Backend` - Backend namespace
+- `window.Frontend` - Frontend namespace
+- `window.Config` - Server-rendered config object
+- `window.Toastr` - Toastr notification library
+- `window.Layer` - Layer popup library (layui-based)
+- `window.Table` - (via require) Table module
+- `window.Form` - (via require) Form module
+- `window.Template` - Template engine
+- `window.Moment` - Moment.js
+
+**Controller JS File Convention:**
+- Location: `public/assets/js/backend/{controller_path}.js`
+- Standard methods: `Controller.index()`, `Controller.add()`, `Controller.edit()`
+- Sub-controller: `public/assets/js/backend/auth/admin.js`
+- Each controller JS is loaded dynamically based on `Config.jsname`
+
+**Button/Action Patterns in JS:**
+- `.btn-dialog` / `.dialogit` - Opens URL in Layer dialog
+- `.btn-addtabs` / `.addtabsit` - Opens URL in new tab
+- `.btn-ajax` / `.ajaxit` - Sends AJAX request
+- `.btn-click` / `.clickit` - Custom click handler
+- `.searchit` - Triggers table search with field/value
+
+**Table Formatter Patterns:**
+- `Table.api.formatter.image` / `.images` - Image display
+- `Table.api.formatter.datetime` - Date formatting
+- `Table.api.formatter.status` - Status badge
+- `Table.api.formatter.normal` - Generic label with color
+- `Table.api.formatter.search` - Clickable search link
+- `Table.api.formatter.operate` - Action buttons (edit/del)
+- `Table.api.formatter.toggle` - Toggle switch
+- `Table.api.formatter.flag` / `.label` - Multi-value flags
+
+## CSS Class Naming
+
+**Convention:** Bootstrap 3 + AdminLTE + FastAdmin extensions
+**CSS Source:** Less files compiled to CSS
+- `public/assets/less/backend.less` -> `public/assets/css/backend.css`
+- `public/assets/less/frontend.less` -> `public/assets/css/frontend.css`
+- `public/assets/less/bootstrap.less` -> `public/assets/css/bootstrap.css`
+- `public/assets/css/fastadmin.css` - FastAdmin base overrides
+- `public/assets/css/index.css` - Index page styles
+- `public/assets/css/user.css` - User center styles
+
+**Common Panel Pattern:**
+```html
+<div class="panel panel-default panel-intro">
+    {:build_heading()}
+    <div class="panel-body">
+        <div id="toolbar" class="toolbar">
+            {:build_toolbar('refresh,edit,del')}
+        </div>
+        <table id="table" class="table table-striped table-bordered table-hover table-nowrap"
+               data-operate-edit="{:$auth->check('user/user/edit')}"
+               data-operate-del="{:$auth->check('user/user/del')}"
+               width="100%">
+        </table>
+    </div>
+</div>
+```
+
+## Error Handling
+
+**Controller Layer:**
+- `$this->error($message)` - Returns error, terminates execution
+- `$this->success($message, $data)` - Returns success response
+- Backend: throws `HttpResponseException` internally
+- API: sets HTTP status codes (401/403) via header
+
+**Transaction Pattern:**
+```php
+Db::startTrans();
+try {
+    // database operations
+    Db::commit();
+} catch (ValidateException|PDOException|Exception $e) {
+    Db::rollback();
+    $this->error($e->getMessage());
+}
+if ($result === false) {
+    $this->error(__('No rows were inserted'));
+}
+$this->success();
+```
+
+**Model Event Hooks:**
+```php
+protected static function init()
+{
+    self::beforeWrite(function ($row) {
+        $changed = $row->getChangedData();
+        if (isset($changed['password'])) {
+            $salt = \fast\Random::alnum();
+            $row->password = \app\common\library\Auth::instance()->getEncryptPassword($changed['password'], $salt);
+            $row->salt = $salt;
+        }
+    });
+}
+```
+
+## Logging
+
+**Framework:** ThinkPHP built-in logging
+- Configurable driver (file, etc.) in `application/config.php`
+- Custom log library: `application/common/library/Log.php`
+- Admin log behavior: `application/admin/behavior/AdminLog.php` - auto-logs admin actions to database
+
+## Comments
+
+**JSDoc/TSDoc Pattern:**
+- All public/protected methods have PHPDoc with Chinese descriptions
+- Controller methods: brief action description
+- API methods: `@ApiMethod` + `@ApiParams` annotations for API doc generation
+
+**Controller Class Doc:**
+```php
+/**
+ * 会员管理
+ *
+ * @icon fa fa-user
+ */
+class User extends Backend
+```
+
+**Method Doc:**
+```php
+/**
+ * 会员登录
+ *
+ * @ApiMethod (POST)
+ * @ApiParams (name="account", type="string", required=true, description="账号")
+ * @ApiParams (name="password", type="string", required=true, description="密码")
+ */
+public function login()
+```
+
+**Model Doc:**
+```php
+/**
+ * 会员模型
+ * @method static mixed getByUsername($str) 通过用户名查询用户
+ * @method static mixed getByNickname($str) 通过昵称查询用户
+ */
+class User extends Model
+```
+
+**Function Doc:**
+```php
+/**
+ * 将字节转换为可读文本
+ * @param int    $size      大小
+ * @param string $delimiter 分隔符
+ * @param int    $precision 小数位数
+ * @return string
+ */
+function format_bytes($size, $delimiter = '', $precision = 2)
+```
+
+## Function Design
+
+**Size:**
+- Controller action methods: 10-30 lines (when extending Backend, most logic is in trait)
+- Backend trait methods: 30-80 lines (`index`, `add`, `edit`, `del`)
+- Import method: ~130 lines (`application/admin/library/traits/Backend.php`)
+- Library methods: 10-50 lines
+- Global functions: 5-30 lines
+
+**Parameters:**
+- Primary key as method parameter: `edit($ids = null)`, `del($ids = "")`
+- POST form data: `$this->request->post('row/a')` (returns associative array)
+- Query params: `$this->request->request('key')`, `$this->request->get('filter')`
+
+**Return Values:**
+- AJAX: `json(['total' => N, 'rows' => [...]])`
+- Non-AJAX: `$this->view->fetch()`
+- API: Always JSON via `$this->success()` / `$this->error()`
+
+## Module Design
+
+**PHP Exports:**
+- No explicit exports; PSR-4 autoloading handles class loading
+- Language files: `return [...]` array
+- Config files: `return [...]` array
+
+**JS Exports:**
+- AMD `define()` with `return Controller;` pattern
+- No ES modules, no CommonJS
+
+**No Barrel Files:** Direct imports throughout, no index/re-export files
+
+**Addon Structure:**
+```
+addons/{addon_name}/
+├── config.php              # Addon configuration (returns array)
+├── Command.php             # Main addon class (extends \fast\Addons)
+├── controller/Index.php    # Addon controller
+├── library/Output.php      # Addon library
+└── info.ini                # Addon metadata
+```
+
+## Where to Add New Code
+
+**New Admin Feature (CRUD):**
+- Controller: `application/admin/controller/{module}/{Name}.php`
+- Model: `application/admin/model/{Name}.php`
+- Validate: `application/admin/validate/{Name}.php`
+- Language: `application/admin/lang/zh-cn/{module}/{name}.php`
+- View: `application/admin/view/{module}/{name}/index.html`, `add.html`, `edit.html`
+- JS: `public/assets/js/backend/{module}/{name}.js`
+- Or auto-generate: `php think crud --table={table} --controller={name}`
+
+**New API Endpoint:**
+- Controller: `application/api/controller/{Name}.php` (extends `app\common\controller\Api`)
+- Response via `$this->success()` / `$this->error()`
+- Add `@ApiMethod` and `@ApiParams` annotations for doc generation
+
+**New Common Library:**
+- Location: `application/common/library/{Name}.php`
+- Use singleton `instance()` pattern if needed
+
+**New Global Function:**
+- Location: `application/common.php`
+- Wrap in `if (!function_exists('name')) { ... }`
+
+**New Module-Level Function:**
+- Location: `application/{module}/common.php`
+
+**New Model:**
+- Shared model: `application/common/model/{Name}.php`
+- Admin-only model: `application/admin/model/{Name}.php`
+- Extend `think\Model`, set `$name`, `$autoWriteTimestamp`, `$createTime`, `$updateTime`
+
+**New Validate:**
+- Location: `application/admin/validate/{Name}.php`
+- Extend `think\Validate`, define `$rule`, `$field`, `$scene`
+
+---
+
+*Convention analysis: 2026-04-21*